Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium MTAP (Tumor Suppressor Marker)(MTAP/3137R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 31 kDa, which is identified as MTAP (5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase). It catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of methylthioadenosine, which is important in polyamine metabolism and for the salvage of adenine and methionine. The gene encoding MTAP is linked to the tumor suppressor gene, p16INK4A. Deficient levels of MTAP can occur in cancers primarily through co-deletion of the MTAP gene and the p16INK4A gene. Cells expressing MTAP and possessing adenine salvage pathway activity may be less susceptible to malignancy due to growth-inhibitory actions of agents (e. g. antifolates), whose mechanism of action, in part, involves this de novo purine pathway. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium CD74 (B-Cell Marker)(CLIP/3127R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of ~35 kDa, identified as CD74 (Workshop IV). CD74 is a type II transmembrane protein which binds to the peptide binding groove of newly synthesized MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers and prevents their premature association with endogenous polypeptides. CD74 is expressed primarily by antigen presenting cells, such as B-lymphocytes (from before the pre-B cell stage to before the plasma cell stage), macrophages, and monocytes, and many epithelial cells. Anti-CD74 stains predominantly germinal center lymphocytes and B-cell lymphomas, but rarely T-cell lymphomas. Anti-CD74 has been shown to be useful in differentiating atypical fibroxanthoma (-) from malignant fibrous histiocytoma ( ). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abunda
Biotium Drebrin 1 (DBN1)(DBN1/3393), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Drebrins (developmentally regulated brain proteins) are cytoplasmic proteins that bind F-actin in the brain and are involved in cell migration, extension of neuronal processes and plasticity of dendrites. There are three isoforms: two embryonic types (E1 and E2); and an adult type (A), generated by alternative RNA splicing from a single Drebrin gene. Drebrins are expressed mainly in brain neurons but are also found in skeletal muscle, heart, placenta, pancreas and kidney. Drebrin has been designated as a marker of the dendritic spine. Decreases in Drebrin levels in the brain have been been associated with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can
Biotium Histone H1 (Pan Nuclear Marker)(rAE-4), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Please note that this antibody is a recombinant Mouse version of original anti-histone H1 antibody (Clone AE-4). Because the variable heavy (VH) and variable light (VL) domains are the same, recombinant antibody has the same exact reactivity as the original AE-4 MAb. There are several advantages of producing a recombinant version of a monoclonal antibody. For example, a recombinant antibody is a purer preparation of active immunoglobulin with no contaminating non-functional intact Ig or free light/heavy chains. Secondly, antibody can always be produced, even if hybridoma line is lost. Moreover, it adds the flexibility of converting the antibody to any species, isotype or format. Eukaryotic histones are basic and water-soluble nuclear proteins that form hetero-octameric nucleosome particles by wrapping 146 base pairs of DNA in a left-handed super-helical turn sequentially to form chromosomal fiber. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form the
Biotium NKX2.8(NKX28/3233R), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a homeobox-containing developmental regulator associated with liver development. The encoded protein binds to the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene promoter and increases the expression of AFP. This gene is overexpressed in some lung cancers and is linked to poor patient survival, possibly due to its resistance to cisplatin. This gene is aberrantly methylated in pancreatic cancer, deleted in squamous cell lung carcinomas, and acts as a tumor suppressor in esophageal cancer. Mutations in this gene may also be a cause of neural tube defects. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium ER-beta-1 (Estrogen Receptor beta-1)(ESR2/3207), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Estrogen receptors (ER) are members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Estrogen receptors, including ER-alpha and ER-beta, contain DNA binding and ligand binding domains and are critically involved in regulating the normal function of reproductive tissues. They are located in the nucleus, though some estrogen receptors associate with the cell surface membrane and can be rapidly activated by exposure of cells to estrogen. ER-alpha and ER-beta are differentially activated by various ligands. Receptor-ligand interactions trigger a cascade of events, including dissociation from heat shock proteins, receptor dimerization, phosphorylation and the association of the hormone activated receptor with specific regulatory elements in target genes. Evidence suggests that ER-alpha and ER-beta may be regulated by distinct mechanisms even though they share many functional characteristics. Primary antibodies are available purified, o
Biotium ER-beta-1 (Estrogen Receptor beta-1)(ESR2/3005), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Estrogen receptors (ER) are members of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Estrogen receptors, including ER-alpha and ER-beta, contain DNA binding and ligand binding domains and are critically involved in regulating the normal function of reproductive tissues. They are located in the nucleus, though some estrogen receptors associate with the cell surface membrane and can be rapidly activated by exposure of cells to estrogen. ER-alpha and ER-beta are differentially activated by various ligands. Receptor-ligand interactions trigger a cascade of events, including dissociation from heat shock proteins, receptor dimerization, phosphorylation and the association of the hormone activated receptor with specific regulatory elements in target genes. Evidence suggests that ER-alpha and ER-beta may be regulated by distinct mechanisms even though they share many functional characteristics. Primary antibodies are available purified, o
Biotium PLK1 (Marker of Mitosis)(AZ44), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Plk (for polo-like kinase) encodes a serine/threonine kinase that is closely related to polo and CDC5, genes that are required for passage through mitosis in Drosophila and Saccharomyces, respectively. Polo and Cdc5 both code for proteins that are involved in regulating the function of the mitotic spindle. Plk protein accumulates in the cell during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle; Plk protein content and catalytic activity peak at the onset of mitosis, followed by a rapid reduction after mitosis. Plk expression is detectable in mitotically active tissues such as colon and placenta, as well as in tumors of various origins. It has also been suggested that Plk may serve as a marker of cell proliferation. Required for recovery after DNA damage checkpoint and entry into mitosis. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1B. Phosphorylates SGOL1. Required for spindle pole localization of isoform 3 of SGOL1 and plays a role in regulating its centriole cohesion function. Phos
Biotium Nucleophosmin (Acute Myeloid Leukemia Marker)(NPM1/3287), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a 33 kDa glycoprotein, identified as Nucleophosmin (NPM). It is predominantly localized in the nucleus of cells in most tissues. NPM is involved in ribosomal assembly and rRNA transport. It is an abundant protein that is highly phosphorylated by Cdc2 kinase during mitosis. This phosphoprotein moves between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is thought to be involved in several processes including regulation of the ARF/p53 pathway. A number of genes are fusion partners, in particular the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene on chromosome 2. Mutations in exon 12 affecting the C-terminus of the protein are associated with an aberrant cytoplasmic location. Mutations in this gene are associated with acute myeloid leukemia. The antibody may be a useful aid for classification of acute myeloid leukemia. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugat
Biotium Sarcomeric Actinin Alpha 2 / ACTN2(ACTN2/3294), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In non-muscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a muscle-specific, alpha actinin isoform that is expressed in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue flu
Biotium Sarcomeric Actinin Alpha 2 / ACTN2(ACTN2/3295), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In non-muscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This gene encodes a muscle-specific, alpha actinin isoform that is expressed in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue flu
Biotium CD44v4/5 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(3D2), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes an epitope encoded by exon v9 on the variant portion of human CD44. The CD44 molecule belongs to a family of cellular adhesion molecules found on a wide range of normal and malignant cells in epithelial, mesothelial and hemopoiesis tissues. CD44 is a single gene with 20 exons, of which 10 are normally expressed to encode the basic CD44 (H-CAM) molecule. The additional 10 exons (v1 to v10) are only expressed by alternative splicing of the nuclear RNA. The expression of specific cell adhesion molecule CD44 splice variants has been reported to be associated with metastasis in certain human malignancies.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-
Biotium Nucleophosmin (Acute Myeloid Leukemia Marker)(NPM1/3286), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a 33 kDa glycoprotein, identified as Nucleophosmin (NPM). It is predominantly localized in the nucleus of cells in most tissues. NPM is involved in ribosomal assembly and rRNA transport. It is an abundant protein that is highly phosphorylated by Cdc2 kinase during mitosis. This phosphoprotein moves between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is thought to be involved in several processes including regulation of the ARF/p53 pathway. A number of genes are fusion partners, in particular the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene on chromosome 2. Mutations in exon 12 affecting the C-terminus of the protein are associated with an aberrant cytoplasmic location. Mutations in this gene are associated with acute myeloid leukemia. The antibody may be a useful aid for classification of acute myeloid leukemia. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugat
Biotium Estrogen Receptor, alpha (Marker of Estrogen Dependence)(ESR1/3373), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This monoclonal antibody is specific to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and shows minimal cross-reaction with other members of the family. ER is an important regulator of growth and differentiation in the mammary gland. Presence of ER in breast tumors indicates an increased likelihood of response to anti-estrogen (e. g. tamoxifen) therapy. It strongly stains nuclei of epithelial cells in breast carcinomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Lymphocyte Specific Protein 1 (LSP1) / pp52(LSP1/3025), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
LSP1 is a hematopoietic-expressed gene that encodes an F-actin-binding, leukocyte-specific (including B and T lymphocytes, granulocytes and macrophages), phosphoprotein. However, mRNA splice variants that do not encode the lympho-specific protein are expressed from this gene in nonlymphoid cell lines as well (myocytes, stromal cells and fibroblasts), suggesting pp52 has a divergent role in signal transduction. The pp52 (LSP1) locus maps to human chromosome 11p15. 5, which is implicated in tumor-related chromosomal translocations found in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The pp52 promoter contains key elements that control transcriptional activity including an initiator specifying the unique 5' terminus of pp52 mRNA, tandem pairs of Ets and SP1 motifs, and a single C/EBP motif. LSP1 binds the cytoskeleton and has been implicated in affecting cytoskeletal remodeling in a variety of leukocyte functions, including cell motility and chemotaxis. Primary antibodies are available purifi